Modulation of the Early Host Response to Electrospun Polylactic Acid Matrices by Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Amniotic Fluid

Flore Lesage; Sabiniano Roman; Savitree Pranpanus; Simona Ospitalieri; Silvia Zia; Julio Jimenez; Sheila MacNeil; Jaan Toelen; Jan Deprest

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1603522

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Table of Contents

Eur J Pediatr Surg 2018; 28(03): 285-292
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603522

Original Article

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Modulation of the Early Host Response to Electrospun Polylactic Acid Matrices by Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Amniotic Fluid

Authors

Flore Lesage

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Sabiniano Roman

²Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield Kroto Research Institute and Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Savitree Pranpanus

³Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, Thailand
Simona Ospitalieri

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Silvia Zia

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Julio Jimenez

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁴Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clínica Alemana, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana-Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
Sheila MacNeil

²Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield Kroto Research Institute and Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Jaan Toelen

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁵Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Jan Deprest

¹Department of Development and Regeneration, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁶Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁷Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University College London Institute for Women's Health, London, United Kingdom

Abstract

Purpose The reconstruction of congenital diaphragmatic hernia or other congenital soft tissue defects often requires implants. These can be either degradable or permanent, each having their advantages. Whatever type is being used, the host response induced by implants plays a crucial role to determine the outcome. Macrophages are pivotal during implant remodeling; they are plastic and acquire in response to environmental stimuli either an inflammatory status and mediate subsequent fibrosis or a regulatory status and facilitate functional remodeling. Matrices engineered with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modulate the host immune reaction. MSCs are believed to promote constructive remodeling of the implant through a regulatory macrophage response among others. Herein, we evaluate this potential of MSC derived from the amniotic fluid (AF-MSC), an interesting MSC type for neonatal reconstruction, on electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds.

Methods We seeded AF-MSC at a density of 1.10⁵/cm² on electrospun PLA matrices and determined cell viability. In vivo, we used cell-seeded or cell-free PLA matrices for subcutaneous implantation in immune competent rats. The host immune response was evaluated by histomorphometry at 14 days postoperatively.

Results The PLA matrix supported adherence and proliferation of AF-MSC. Fourteen days after implantation, PLA matrices were well penetrated by inflammatory cells, new blood vessels, and collagen fibers. AF-MSC–seeded scaffolds were associated with a similar response yet with a decreased number of eosinophils, increased matrix degradation and collagen fiber deposition compared with controls. The amount of total macrophages and of M2-subtype was similar for all animals.

Conclusion Electrospun PLA matrices are a suitable substrate for short-term culture of AF-MSC. In rats, addition of AF-MSC to PLA matrices modulates the host response after subcutaneous implantation, yet without a difference in macrophage profile compared with control.

Keywords

amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells - polylactic acid - immune modulation - M1/M2 macrophage profile

Full Text

References

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